What is Dry Eye Disease?
Dry Eye Disease is an inflammatory condition in which either the tear film evaporates too quickly, or tear production is too low. The result is irritation, blurred vision, grittiness, burning, pain, corneal ulcers, redness, photosensitivity, and infections. Although up to 30% of Canadians suffer from dry eyes, over 90% of people living with Sjögren’s deal with the most severe symptoms of dry eye.
The tear film is made up of three main components: The watery portion of the tears comes from the lacrimal glands and contains lubricants and special proteins that fight off infection and maintain the health of the surface cells. The mucous portion thickens the tear film and helps maintain a slippery surface so that the lids can move over the surface easily. The oils from the meibomian glands in the eyelids sit on the surface of the tear film to prevent evaporation. Inflammation occurs when these three components become compromised and unstable.
Monitoring Dry Eye Disease
It is essential that individuals with Sjögren’s see an optometrist and/or ophthalmologist on a regular basis. These eye-care specialists are trained to perform diagnostic tests to assess tear production, tear stability, tear distribution and overall health of the eyes. They may consider prescribing anti-inflammatory drops designed to help increase natural tear production.
Self-Care Treatment of Dry Eyes
There are many treatment options that people with Sjögren’s should consider for relief of dry eye symptoms. Regular and proactive use of moisturizing drops throughout the day is the foundation of dry eye treatments. Other important strategies include taking 2000 mg per day of omega-3 supplements, cleaning your eyelids, using warm compresses, taking blinking breaks, humidifying your home and workplace, and wearing sun and moisture chamber glasses. Special attention to overnight eye care such as using gels, ointments, eye masks, and humidifiers will allow the eye to heal.
Visit the Survival Tips page on our website for helpful advice on managing dry eye disease: https://sjogrenscanada.org/living-with-sjgrens/survival-tips.html
